2BAC ENGLISH TENSES CHART SIGNAL WORDS TIME LINKERS

ENGLISH TENSES CHART

TENSE	USE	FORM / SIGNAL WORDS
Simple Present	Facts and generalizations Water boils at 100 Cº Children love cartoons. Schedules and time tables (future) My train leaves at 5.30 For repeated actions I see my grandparents twice a week. Usual actions He works as a Waiter in a restaurant Non-continuous Verbs know, like, hate, want, love, need, belong, mean, understand, remember, prefer…	Verb + s / es / ies for ( he / she / it ) A: He speaks. N: He does not speak. Q: Does he speak? every day, always, often, normally, usually, regularly, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, on Sundays, at weekends generally, never… every day/ week/ month… once / twice / three times… a week/ day / month/ year… First... then.. afterwards
Present Continuous	Now (continuous or in progress) We're studying the English tenses now. Near future She's visiting the doctor tomorrow morning. Repetitions and irritations (with always) They are always complaining about the same thing.	BE + verb + ing A: He is speaking. N: He is not speaking. Q: Is he speaking? now, just, at the moment, look !, right now, still at 3 p.m. right now, at present, today, these days, nowadays, currently, presently in this moment, …. this year/ month/ week…, tonight, tomorrow, next week / month…, in a minute, in a couple of days
Simple Past	For completed actions or series of completed actions in the past He closed the door, went to bed and turned off the light. Actions which start and stop in the past We watched TV last night. Habits in the past When he was a child, he drank too much milk.	Verb + ed ( regular ) Irregular verbs should be learnt.. A: He spoke. N: He did not speak. Q: Did he speak? Before(conj.).... yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year, a few minutes/two hours/five years ago
Past Continuous	After 'while' in the past While I was cooking dinner, he was laying the table. Continuous actions in the past Last week, we were working in a science project. Repetition and irritation with 'always' in past The children were always screaming.	Past of 'BE' + verb + ing A: He was speaking. N: He was not speaking. Q: Was he speaking? at ten o'clock last night while, when, as, at that time/moment
Present Perfect	Unspecified time before now We have driven along the coast. Talking about past actions with an effect in the present I have found a wallet in the street. Here it is. Accomplishments Science has progressed a lot. With the superlative and ever She's the most intelligent person I have ever met.	Have / has + past participle A: He has spoken. N: He has not spoken. Q: Has he spoken? this week, this month, this year,  today,  since, for.., ...ever...? never ...yet?  not... yet.  already, just, recently, lately so far, until now, several/four/many times
Present Perfect Continuous	Used to emphasize the duration of the present perfect actions I've been working in the same school since 1983.	Have/has + been + verb + ing A: He has been speaking. N: He has not been speaking. Q: Has he been speaking? this week, this month, this year,  today,  since, for.., ...ever...? never ...yet?  not... yet.  already, just, recently, lately so far, until now, several/four/many times
Past Perfect	A completed action before an action in the past The school had already closed when I arrived. He didn't go to bed until the last TV programme had finished. By the time we arrived home, they had served the dinner. After she had taken a shower, she went to bed. Past wish If only they had stayed with us.	Had + past participle A: He had spoken. N: He had not spoken. Q: Had he spoken? After (conj.)... up to that time in the past. "married" to a clause in "simple past" before, by the time, already until / till as soon as
Simple Future	Will: Voluntary action It's hot in here. I'll open the windows. Offers I'll carry the suitcase if you like. Promises I'll buy you a present for your birthday. Predictions It'll be windy tomorrow. Be going to: Plans They're going to build a new bridge in autumn. Intentions and decisions I'm going to eat less. Predictions with physical evidence It's very hot today. We are going to sweat.	Will + verb or Be going to + verb A: He will speak. N: He will not speak. Q: Will he speak? I think I hope,  I expect,  I believe  soon,  in the next few days,  in the future, tomorrow,  this evening tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, later, next week/month/year, in 2005, for the next 2 years/days/months A: He is going to speak. N: He is not going to speak. Q: Is he going to speak? in the next few days,  in the future,  this evening,  next weekend
Future Perfect	For completed actions before something in the future We'll have flown to New York by next week. In two years’ time, he will have graduated. By the time we arrive to class, the teacher will have handed out the test papers.	Will have + past participle A: He will have spoken. N: He will not have spoken. Q: Will he have spoken? by (a future point in time), by this time next year in a week

2BAC ENGLISH RELATIVE PRONOUNS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2BAC ENGLISH RELATIVE PRONOUNS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE


FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE APPROPRIATE RELATIVE PRONOUNS FROM THE LIST

Where - which - who - whom -whose

Many Moroccan immigrants ……….. live abroad would like to return to Morocco ……….. they can invest their money. They have promising projects ………..will certainly help to improve the local economy.


Who – whose – where – which - whom

The United Nations …………………….was established soon after the second world war is an organisation …………………..goals are to solve conflicts among nations and keep peace in the world.

Who – whom - whose - which - where - when

Adil Imam, ……….. sense of humour is appreciated by many people, is an Egyptian actor ……….. has played funny roles in many plays and movies. He often acts out simple situations ……….. can make you laugh for hours.

Which who where whose . when whom

The nurse took care of the soldier ……….. injuries were serious. Every day, she treated his wounds, ………..were deep and infected.


Who - when - what - which – whose - where - whom

1- The town ……………..Ali was born is famous for its historic monuments.

2. Mary: Look, this is the man………..lost his mobile phone on the bus last week.

3. My friend is travelling to England next summer, but he hasn’t decided ………..to go there; by plane or by ship.

4. The man ……….. makes and mends shoes is a shoemaker.


Who – whose –where - when - whom

1. The police have already started penalizing drivers ………..seat belts are not fastened.

2. The Safety Road Committee hasn’t agreed on the date. ……….. the new regulations should be implemented.

When - who - where - why - whose - which - whom

1. A carpenter is a man ………..makes wooden furniture.

2. I'd like to know the reason ………..you want to quit.

3. We talked to the lady ………..son wrote on my car with a nail.

When - who - where - why - whose - which - whom

1. Unemployment is the reason ……….. many people leave the country.

2. The house ……….. they bought is haunted.

3. The lady ……….. has just greeted me is a math teacher.






CORRECTION

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE APPROPRIATE RELATIVE PRONOUNS FROM THE LIST

Where - which - who - whom - whose

Many Moroccan immigrants who live abroad would like to return to Morocco where they can invest their money. They have promising projects which will certainly help to improve the local economy.


Who – whose – where – which - whom

The United Nations which was established soon after the second world war is an organisation whose goals are to solve conflicts among nations and keep peace in the world.

Who – whom - whose - which - where - when

Adil Imam, whose sense of humour is appreciated by many people, is an Egyptian actor who has played funny roles in many plays and movies. He often acts out simple situations which can make you laugh for hours.

Which - who - where -whose - when - whom

The nurse took care of the soldier whose injuries were serious. Every day, she treated his wounds which were deep and infected.


Who - when - what - which – whose - where - whom

1- The town where Ali was born is famous for its historic monuments.

2. Mary: Look, this is the man who lost his mobile phone on the bus last week.

3. My friend is travelling to England next summer, but he hasn’t decided how to go there; by plane or by ship.

4. The man who makes and mends shoes is a shoemaker.


Who – whose –where - when - whom

1. The police have already started penalizing drivers whose seat belts are not fastened.

2. The Safety Road Committee hasn’t agreed on the date when the new regulations should be implemented.

When - who - where - why - whose - which - whom

1. A carpenter is a man who makes wooden furniture.

2. I'd like to know the reason why you want to quit.

3. We talked to the lady whose son wrote on my car with a nail.

When - who - where - why - whose - which - whom

1. Unemployment is the reason why many people leave the country.

2. The house which they bought is haunted.

3. The lady who has just greeted me is a math teacher.

2BAC ENGLISH LINKING WORDS CONNECTORS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2BAC ENGLISH LINKING WORDS CONNECTORS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS FROM THE LIST

1-

Whereas - due to - as a result - despite - though - so as to ………..

1. Jane was often absent from work; ……….., her director dismissed her.

2. I’ll try to find some time to see you this afternoon ……….. I have so many things to do.

3. Thousands of people are driven out their homes ………..civil wars in many parts of the world.


2-

In addition to - nevertheless - since - however - in spite of -therefore

1. Many countries still can’t reduce unemployment ………..making big efforts.

2. Many people in the village don’t know how to read or write; ……….., a local organisation has set up a literacy programme for them.

3- The computer is an amazing means of entertainment ………..its efficiency at work.


3-

In spite of - because - although -owing to - therefore

1- ……….. it was cold, we went to Ifrane.

2- ………..our efforts, we lost the match.

3. I didn’t come to school last week ………..a terrible headache I had.


4-

In spite of - because - owing to – although - furthermore

1- ……….. it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

2- ………..all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.

3- I went home early ……….. I wasn’t feeling well.

4- I went to the doctor’s the next day ………..a terrible headache I had.


5-

During – consequently – because – specially - apart from – as a result – despite - whereas-

1. The injured man died ……….. all the doctor’s efforts.

2. All the students passed the final exam ………..Ahmed who was never expected to fail.

3. A number of soldiers were seriously wounded ……….. a sudden aircraft attack.


6-

JOIN THE PAIRS OF SENTENCES WITH THE LINKING WORDS GIVEN . MAKE ANY NECESSARY CHANGES

1- Aziza learnt how to read and write. She learnt how to do business. (as well as)

2- Michel worked hard in and out of school. That’s why he got excellent marks. (Because)

3- Adil worked in the evenings .he wanted to save money to buy a computer (in order to)


7-

1. Many people still use plastic bags. They are dangerous for the environment. (although)

Many people still use plastic bags although they are dangerous for the environment.

2. Some skilled workers emigrate. They aren’t satisfied with low salaries in their home countries. (therefore).

3. We rarely play music at night. We don’t want to disturb our neighbours. (so as not)


8-

1- The local authorities opened new schools. They wanted to serve their community better. (so as to)

2- The government invests a lot of money on tourism. Not many tourists visit our town. (however)

3- Tom and his wife needed more money. They decided to work over time. (because)


9-

1. Hamid did a great job. He was not offered a better position. (though)

2. Souad did not come to the show. She was sick. (because of)

3. We were unable to get financial support. We had to abandon the project. (therefore)





CORRECTION

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS FROM THE LIST

1-

Whereas - due to - as a result - despite - though - so as to

1. Jane was often absent from work; as a result, her director dismissed her.

2. I’ll try to find some time to see you this afternoon though I have so many things to do.

3. Thousands of people are driven out their homes due to civil wars in many parts of the world.


2-

In addition to - nevertheless - since - however - in spite of -therefore

1. Many countries still can’t reduce unemployment in spite of making big efforts.

2. Many people in the village don’t know how to read or write; therefore, a local organisation has set up a literacy programme for them.

3- The computer is an amazing means of entertainment in addition to its efficiency at work.


3-

In spite of - because - although -owing to - therefore

1- Although it was cold, we went to Ifrane.

2- In spite of our efforts, we lost the match.

3. I didn’t come to school last week owing to a terrible headache I had.


4-

In spite of - because - owing to – although - furthermore

1- Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

2- In spite of all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.

3- I went home early because I wasn’t feeling well.

4- I went to the doctor’s the next day owing to a terrible headache I had.


5-

During – consequently – because – specially - apart from – as a result – despite - whereas-

1. The injured man died despite all the doctor’s efforts.

2. All the students passed the final exam apart from Ahmed who was never expected to fail.

3. A number of soldiers were seriously wounded during a sudden aircraft attack.


6-

JOIN THE PAIRS OF SENTENCES WITH THE LINKING WORDS GIVEN . MAKE ANY NECESSARY CHANGES

1- Aziza learnt how to read and write. She learnt how to do business. (as well as)

Aziza learnt how to read and write as well as how to do business.

2- Michel worked hard in and out of school. That’s why he got excellent marks. (Because)

Michel got excellent marks because he worked hard in and out of school.

3- Adil worked in the evenings .he wanted to save money to buy a computer (in order to)


7-

1. Many people still use plastic bags. They are dangerous for the environment. (although)

Although plastic bags are dangerous for the environment, many people still use them.

Many people still use plastic bags although they are dangerous for the environment.

2. Some skilled workers emigrate. They aren’t satisfied with low salaries in their home countries. (therefore).

Some skilled aren’t satisfied with low salaries in their home countries; therefore, they emigrate.

3. We rarely play music at night. We don’t want to disturb our neighbours. (so as not)

We rarely play music at night so as not disturb our neighbours.


8-

1- The local authorities opened new schools. They wanted to serve their community better. (so as to)

The local authorities opened new schools so as to serve their community better.

2- The government invests a lot of money on tourism. Not many tourists visit our town. (however)

The government invests a lot of money on tourism. However, not many tourists visit our town.

3- Tom and his wife needed more money. They decided to work over time. (because)

Tom and his wife decided to work over time because they needed more money.


9-

1. Hamid did a great job. He was not offered a better position. (though)

Hamid was not offered a better position though he did a great job.

2. Souad did not come to the show. She was sick. (because of)

Souad did not come to the show because of her sickness.

3. We were unable to get financial support. We had to abandon the project. (therefore)

We were unable to get financial support. Therefore, we had to abandon the project.

2BAC ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2BAC ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE RIGHT PHRASAL VERBS FROM THE LIST:

1-

Stand for - fill in –bring about - look up - get off – apply for.

1.The father encouraged his son to ………………………another job.

2.The letters VIP ………………….Very Important Person.

3.The new initiative tries to …………………………change in education.


2-

Put on - set up - turn down - write down - make up

1. How could you ……………….such an interesting job offer?

2. ………………..your coat; it’s cold in here.


3-

Picked up - found out - grew up - went through - turned down

1- Jane was accepted to work in a bank but she ………………………….the job because the salary was not interesting.

2- My uncle Ibrahim …………………………….his American accent when he was working in the USA.


4-

Stand for - write down - bring about -look up - look after - apply for - get on

1- When students find difficult words in a text, they can……………….them ……..in a dictionary.

2- John asked his wife to ………………………..the job advertised in the newspaper.

3- The government has introduced a new plan to ………………………..important changes in education.

4- Ali: What does NGO ………………………………?
Hamid: Non Governmental Organisation.


5-

1. I’m ……………………our trip to France. We’re leaving next month.

a) bringing about b) coping with c) looking forward to

2. Bill proposed to marry Sue but she …………………………..his proposal.

a) broke down b) turned down c) calmed down

3. That little boy always ………………………..excuses for being late.
a) makes up b) takes up c) looks up

6-

Set up - find out - look after - set off - fall for

1- Due to bad weather conditions, the captain of the ship decided not to ……………………that day.

2- I was surprised to …………………..…..that I had left my car door unlocked for the whole day.


7-

Put up with - pick up - make up - look up

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to ……………………………..stories.

2-It’s difficult to ……………………………. noise in big cities.


8-

Look up - turn down - give in - look after - set off

1- Mrs. Smith is looking for someone to ………………………her baby when she is at work.

2- She couldn’t ………………. the job she was offered a week ago because it was a tempting opportunity.


9-

Put up - pick up - make up - look up - let down

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to ………………………..stories.

2-It’s difficult to …………………….with noise in big cities.

3.. Your parents are your best support; they will never ……………….. you ……………


10-


Wake up, write down, get up, hand in, make up, hand out

1: ‘Don’t forget to …………………your names on your test papers’, the teacher told his students.

2: ‘Please, …………………me …………………early tomorrow, Mum. I have an exam.



11-

Get up - take after - make up - set up - set off

Mr Alami is a self-made man. He …………………his own business, and after a few years, he became rich. His mother says that he …………………his father. He is generous and never lets his friends.



12-

Set off – hand out – check in – hand in - check out

1. We must ………………… before 12 o'clock and take a taxi to the airport.

2. Samira …………………her homework late as usual.



13-

Give off – put off – put up - give away – run into – put out

1. I don't need these clothes anymore. I'll …….them …………………

2. I ………………… an old friend while I was shopping the other day.

3. You can' smoke here. …………………your cigarette, please.


14-

Throw away – pass away – find out – give away – throw up

1. My grandmother has just …………………. She's been sick for the last few years.

2. The police will ………………… who the criminal is very soon.

3. The baby is sick. She has ………………… twice today.





CORRECTION



FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE RIGHT PHRASAL VERBS FROM THE LIST:

1-

Stand for - fill in –bring about - look up - get off – apply for.

1.The father encouraged his son to apply for another job.

2.The letters VIP stand for Very Important Person.

3.The new initiative tries to bring about change in education.


2-

Put on - set up - turn down - write down - make up

1. How could you turn down such an interesting job offer?

2. Put on your coat; it’s cold in here.


3-

Picked up - found out - grew up - went through - turned down

1- Jane was accepted to work in a bank but she turned down the job because the salary was not interesting.

2- My uncle Ibrahim picked up his American accent when he was working in the USA.


4-

Stand for - write down - bring about -look up - look after - apply for - get on

1- When students find difficult words in a text, they can look them up in a dictionary.

2- John asked his wife to apply for the job advertised in the newspaper.

3- The government has introduced a new plan to bring about important changes in education.

4- Ali: What does NGO stand for?
Hamid: Non Governmental Organisation.


5-

1. I’m looking forward to our trip to France. We’re leaving next month.

a) Bringing about b) coping with c) looking forward to

2. Bill proposed to marry Sue but she turned down his proposal.

a) Broke down b) turned down c) calmed down

3. That little boy always makes up excuses for being late.

a) Makes up b) takes up c) looks up


6-

Set up - find out - look after - set off - fall for

1- Due to bad weather conditions, the captain of the ship decided not to set off that day.

2- I was surprised to find out that I had left my car door unlocked for the whole day.


7-

Put up with - pick up - make up - look up

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to make up stories.

2-It’s difficult to put up with noise in big cities.


8-

Look up - turn down - give in - look after - set off

1- Mrs. Smith is looking for someone to look after her baby when she is at work.

2- She couldn’t turn down the job she was offered a week ago because it was a tempting opportunity.


9-

Put up - pick up - make up - look up - let down

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to make up stories.

2-It’s difficult to put up with noise in big cities.

3. Your parents are your best support; they will never let you down.


10-


Wake up, write down, get up, hand in, make up, hand out

1: ‘Don’t forget to write down your names on your test papers’, the teacher told his students.

2: ‘Please, wake me up early tomorrow, Mum. I have an exam.


11-

Get up - take after - make up - set up - set off

Mr Alami is a self-made man. He set up his own business, and after a few years, he became rich. His mother says that he takes after his father. He is generous and never lets his friends.


12-

Set off – hand out – check in – hand in – check out

1. We must check out before 12 o'clock and take a taxi to the airport.

2. Samira handed in her homework late as usual.


13-

Give off – put off – put up - give away – run into – put out

1. I don't need these clothes anymore. I'll give them away.

2. I ran into an old friend while I was shopping the other day.

3. You can' smoke here. Put out your cigarette, please.


14-

Throw away – pass away – find out – give away – throw up

1. My grandmother has just passed away. She's been sick for the last few years.

2. The police will find out who the criminal is very soon.

3. The baby is sick. She has thrown up twice today.

2BAC ENGLISH WORD FORMATION BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY PRACTICE

2BAC ENGLISH WORD FORMATION BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE


GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS

1-

Parents often worry about their children’s (addict) …………. to computer games. They think that playing games for a long time can be (harm) ………….to their children’s health. They are also afraid of changes that might occur in their (behave) ………….


2-

1. Reducing the rates of drop outs in Morocco will be an important (achieve) ………….

2. Fatima will be (promotion) …………. for her hard work.

3. Many NGOs contribute to the (develop) …………. of citizenship values.


3-

1. The job advertised requires a good (know) …………. of at least two languages.

2. Jalal started looking for a job immediately after his (graduate) …………. from the Institute of Technology.

3- Rim thinks that the mobile phone is the most useful modern (invent) ………….


4-

1- Moroccan NGO’s have made efforts to combat illiteracy. They help youths with basic knowledge and (manage) ………….skills. They also train them to become (financial) …………. independent.


5-

The Moroccan government has taken serious measures to reduce (illiterate) …………. among women. It also raises their (aware) …………. to the importance of education in human (develop) ………….


6-

1- Foreign investments are a key factor in economic (grow) …………..

2- We need some (finance) …………. support to set up our business.

3- The business has been very (produce) …………. since 2004. Now it is very (success) ………….


7-

1- The USA has got a (heterogeneity) …………. society; many ethnic groups live there.

2- Women have become very (action) …………. members in a number of NGO’s.

3- Mary is thinking of leaving her job because it is not very (interest) ………….

4- The European Union is discussing new policies to stop (legal) …………. immigration.


8-

1. I was not surprised at Nadia’s (refuse) …………. to take the new post at the company. As she is very (ambition) ambitious she thinks that it doesn't match her (expect) …………..


9-

Immigrants from Africa contribute to the (wealthy) …………. and well-being of Europe. However, they aren’t easily (integration) …………. in the host countries and suffer from (discriminate) ………….


10-

1- “Don’t forget to (signature) …………. your application form before sending it.

2- This project concerns the (improve) …………. of life in rural areas.

3- “Moussems” are important (culture) …………. events in Morocco.


11-

1- Bad management of water resources causes water (short) ………….

2- Clients expect (efficiency) …………. services from suppliers.

3-Education should aim at developing learners’ (autonomous) …………..


12-

1. The dispute between the two neighbours was settled by an (agree) …………. that satisfied both parties.

2. Many African countries have been suffering from severe (dry) ………….for many years.


13-

1- The negotiating team had to make a number of (concede) …………. before agreement could be reached.

2- The world is now concerned about the (destroy) …………. of the rain forests.

3- The current economic crisis is the cause of the widespread (employ) ………….


14-

1. According to (legal) …………., the use of the seat belt is compulsory both inside and outside cities.

2. The (deny) …………. of human rights is one of the causes of underdevelopment.


15-

1- The book gives a good (describe) …………. of life on a farm.

2- My neighbour is a very (rely) …………. person. He’s always ready to give me a hand.


16-

1. I never count on him. He is (rely) …………..

2. Said Naciri amused the audience with his exciting (perform) …………..

3. "We should put an end to the (destroy) ………….rain forest " an environmentalist said.

4. To get a job in a multinational company, you must be well-qualified and very (energy) …………..

5. The government should encourage (skill) ………….carpenters to promote traditional arts.


17-

Atomic weapons are so (power) …………. that they can cause terrible (destroy) …………. of the whole world. A (thought) …………. decision would be to ban those weapons once for all


18-

1. ‘You look so beautiful in your (tradition) …………. clothes. ‘Jane told Amina.

2. “I think Le pain Nu is the most (success) …………. book Mohamed Choukri has ever written," the critic said.


19-

Brain drain or human capital flight is a large emigration of individuals with technical skills or (know) ………….. Normally, it is due to conflicts, lack of opportunity, political (stable) …………. or health risks. Brain drain is usually regarded as an economic cost, since emigrants usually take with them the fraction of value of their training sponsored by the (govern) …………..


20-

Nobody in our family likes to clean up the kitchen after dinner. My brother and I had a terrible (argue) …………. last night about the dishes. At the end we decided to do them together. However, we were (care) …………. while doing the washing-up and we broke three glasses and an (expense) …………. plate.


21-

Poverty is the (short) …………. of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe (drink) …………. water, all of which determine our quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and (employ) …………. which aid to escape from poverty and / or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens.


22-

The United States became the world's first modern (democrat) …………. after its break with Great Britain in 1776 and the (adopt) …………. of a constitution in1789. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most (power) …………. nation.. During the 60s and the 70s, its economy was marked by a steady (grow) …………., low (employ) …………., and rapid advances in technology.


23-

The (environment) ………….movement in the 1960s emerged from concerns that air, water, and soil were being polluted by (harm) …………. chemicals and other toxic substances. During the (industry) …………. revolution of the 19th century, the mass (produce) …………. of goods created (danger) …………. wastes, much of which was dumped into rivers and streams.






CORRECTION

2BAC ENGLISH WORD FORMATION BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE


GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS

1-

Parents often worry about their children’s (addict) addiction to computer games. They think that playing games for a long time can be (harm) harmful to their children’s health. They are also afraid of changes that might occur in their (behave) behaviour.


2-

1. Reducing the rates of drop outs in Morocco will be an important (achieve) achievement.

2. Fatima will be (promotion) promoted for her hard work.

3. Many NGOs contribute to the (develop) development of citizenship values.


3-

1. The job advertised requires a good (know) knowledge of at least two languages.

2. Jalal started looking for a job immediately after his (graduate) graduation from the Institute of Technology.

3- Rim thinks that the mobile phone is the most useful modern (invent) invention.


4-

1- Moroccan NGO’s have made efforts to combat illiteracy. They help youths with basic knowledge and (manage) management / managerial skills. They also train them to become (financial) financially independent.


5-

The Moroccan government has taken serious measures to reduce (illiterate) illiteracy among women. It also raises their (aware) awareness to the importance of education in human (develop) development.


6-

1- Foreign investments are a key factor in economic (grow) growth.

2- We need some (finance) financial support to set up our business.

3- The business has been very (produce) productive since 2004. Now it is very (success) successful.


7-

1- The USA has got a (heterogeneity) heterogeneous society; many ethnic groups live there.

2- Women have become very (action) active members in a number of NGO’s.

3- Mary is thinking of leaving her job because it is not very (interest) interesting.

4- The European Union is discussing new policies to stop (legal) illegal immigration.


8-

1. I was not surprised at Nadia’s (refuse) refusal to take the new post at the company. As she is very (ambition) ambitious she thinks that it doesn't match her (expect) expectation.


9-

Immigrants from Africa contribute to the (wealthy) wealth and well-being of Europe. However, they aren’t easily (integration) integrated in the host countries and suffer from (discriminate) discrimination.


10-

1- “Don’t forget to (signature) sign your application form before sending it.

2- This project concerns the (improve) improvement of life in rural areas.

3- “Moussems” are important (culture) cultural events in Morocco.


11-

1- Bad management of water resources causes water (short) shortage.

2- Clients expect (efficiency) efficient services from suppliers.

3-Education should aim at developing learners’ (autonomous) autonomy.


12-

1. The dispute between the two neighbours was settled by an (agree) agreement that satisfied both parties.

2. Many African countries have been suffering from severe (dry) drought / dryness for many years.


13-

1- The negotiating team had to make a number of (concede) concessions before agreement could be reached.

2- The world is now concerned about the (destroy) destruction of the rain forests.

3- The current economic crisis is the cause of the widespread (employ) unemployment.


14-

1. According to (legal) law, the use of the seat belt is compulsory both inside and outside cities.

2. The (deny) denial of human rights is one of the causes of underdevelopment.


15-

1- The book gives a good (describe) description of life on a farm.

2- My neighbour is a very (rely) reliable person. He’s always ready to give me a hand.


16-

1. I never count on him. He is (rely) unreliable.

2. Said Naciri amused the audience with his exciting (perform) performance.

3. "We should put an end to the (destroy) destruction of the rain forest " an environmentalist said.

4. To get a job in a multinational company, you must be well-qualified and very (energy) energetic.

5. The government should encourage (skill) skilled / skilful carpenters to promote traditional arts.


17-

Atomic weapons are so (power) powerful that they can cause terrible (destroy) destruction of the whole world. A (thought) thoughtful decision would be to ban those weapons once for all


18-

1. ‘You look so beautiful in your (tradition) traditional clothes. ‘Jane told Amina.

2. “I think Le pain Nu is the most (success) successful book Mohamed Choukri has ever written," the critic said.



19-

Brain drain or human capital flight is a large emigration of individuals with technical skills or (know) knowledge. Normally, it is due to conflicts, lack of opportunity, political (stable) instability or health risks. Brain drain is usually regarded as an economic cost, since emigrants usually take with them the fraction of value of their training sponsored by the (govern) government.


20-

Nobody in our family likes to clean up the kitchen after dinner. My brother and I had a terrible (argue) argument last night about the dishes. At the end we decided to do them together. However, we were (care) careless while doing the washing-up and we broke three glasses and an (expense) expensive plate.


21-

Poverty is the (short) shortage of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe (drink) drinkable water, all of which determine our quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and (employ) employment which aid to escape from poverty and / or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens.


22-

The United States became the world's first modern (democrat) democracy after its break with Great Britain in 1776 and the (adopt) adoption of a constitution in1789. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most (power) powerful nation.. During the 60s and the 70s, its economy was marked by a steady (grow) growth, low (employ) unemployment, and rapid advances in technology.


23-

The (environment) environmentalist / environmental movement in the 1960s emerged from concerns that air, water, and soil were being polluted by (harm) harmful chemicals and other toxic substances. During the (industry) industrial revolution of the 19th century, the mass (produce) production of goods created (danger) dangerous wastes, much of which was dumped into rivers and streams.

2BAC ENGLISH TENSES PRESENT / PAST / FUTURE SIMPLE CONTINUOUS AND PERFECT CORRECTION

CORRECTION


PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE


1-

Last Monday, while firemen (try) were trying to put out the fire in the forest, two helicopters (join) joined them. Unfortunately. Most of the trees were destroyed. We hope that by the end of 2011, the local authorities (replant) will have replanted the forest.


2-

Najib Sidqi (get) had got his degree in marketing before he started work at the bank. In 2007, he (conduct) conducted a piece of research on developing customer services. Now, he (be) is the manager of a bank agency.


3-

"Our son (run away) ran away from home last week. We (still/look for) are still looking for him. His best friend says that he (not see) hasn’t seen him for two weeks," the father said.


4-

Moroccan authorities (to be) have been interested in developing the tourist industry for many years. Last year 7.5 million tourists (to visit) visited Morocco. Another 8 million (probably/ to come) will probably come next year. Government officials hope that by the year 2012 the number of tourists (to reach) will have reached 10 million.


5-

1- The city council (to build) built a new stadium two years ago.

2- Before she became a doctor, Salma (already/ to work) had already worked as a biology teacher for two years.

3- At the moment, a foreign NGO (to prepare) is preparing a huge project for human development in rural areas in Turkey.


6-

Leila missed the interview yesterday morning; her train (already/to leave) had already left the station when she got there. Now she wishes she (to tell) she had told her mother (to wake) wake / have waken her up earlier.


7-

The Simons (to live) have been living in Marrakesh for ten years when I first (to meet) met them in 1988. By the end of 2008, they (to be) will have been in Morocco for thirty years.


8-

When jack was five, his parents (die) died in a road accident. He survived, but he (be) was seriously injured. Today, whenever he takes his car, he (drive) drives carefully.


9-

Tom : Hi Jamal. Any news about Ibrahim? I ( not/see) haven’t seen him for weeks.

Jamal: Oh yes, he finally (get) got his visa and (buy) bought a plane ticket to Montreal last week. I think, by the end of this month, he (start) will have started his new course in business management.


10-

1-“You must make up your mind as quickly as possible. If you (not to send) don’t send your application soon, it (not to be) won’t be accepted”, the director said.

2- By the end of the year, many people (lose) will have lost their jobs in Europe.

3- Last month, some of the biggest banks in the USA (go) went bankrupt.


11-

1- By the end of next month, the committee (take) will have taken a final decision.

2- An important multinational (organize) organised a seminar in our country last month.


12-

1-we (complete) will have completed our project by 2012.

2- Tom will post the letter as soon as he (finish) finishes writing it.

3-I’m really sorry. If I had known, I (not / tell) wouldn’t have told him.


13-

I (have) have had this mobile phone for about a year. In fact, my father gave it to me as a present on my last birthday. It is a pity my mother (not attend) didn’t attend the birthday party. I am sure if she (be) had been at home with us, she (buy) would have bought me a very nice watch.


14-

1-By the year 2030, the population of some African countries (double) will have doubled.

2- Why did you tell her about the surprise? I really wish you (keep) had kept it secret.


15-

1- By the end of next year, the workers (complete) will have completed the project.

2- If you had shown me how to use the new computer, I (do) would have done .all the work.

3- Many old buildings (restore) have been restored in the medina since last year.


16-

1- By the end of next July, I (complete) will have completed my secondary school education.

2- I’m really tired now. If only I (not / have) hadn’t had to work today.


17-



My uncle (offer) offered .me a present last night but I (not/open) haven’t yet.
I’ll open it as soon as I (get) get home this evening.


18-


1. Najib Mahfoud is famous writer. He (write) wrote ’Bidaya wa nihaya’ in 1959.
He (receive) received .the Nobel Prize in 1993.

2. If it (rain) rains tomorrow, we (stay) will at home.

3. I (not/ write) haven’t written my essay yet.


19-

1.Tourist: I (visit) visited Marrakech last year, but I (not/see) haven’t seen Agadir yet.
Rachid: You should go to Fes, too. It’s really a beautiful town.

2. The new mosque (build) was built .in 1996 by a charity organisation.


20-

1. Ali (catch) caught a bad cold yesterday while he (wait) was waiting for the train in the rain.

2. I’II start doing my homework as soon as my mother (come) comes back from the supermarket.

3. Tom: Would you like a cake, James?
James: No, Thank you. I (already/have) have already had my breakfast.


21-

1. When Hamid (call) called last night, I was watching a football match on television. I (wait) was waiting impatiently
for his call.

2. By this time next year, you (finish) will have finished your high school.


22-

1. If the match starts now, it (end) will end by six o’clock.

2. Pat (live) had lived .in London before he (move) moved to Rome last month.


23-

1. While I (shop) was shopping yesterday morning, I (run) ran into an old friend of mine whom I (not see) haven’t seen for years.


24-

While the Browns (have) were having .dinner last night, the telephone (ring) rang. It was their son Billy in Paris. "I am at the airport now. In half an hour I (leave) will have left Europe", he said.



25-

While I (read) was reading Tom Sawyer last night, the light (go) went off. I (finish) will finish it tomorrow.


26-

I (drive) was driving South to Agadir last month, when my car (break) broke down. I am fed up with this old car. I (buy) will buy a new one next summer.



27-

I (not/visit) haven’t visited Marrakesh yet, but I (be) have been to Agadir already. I (go) went there in 1999. Next summer I (fly) will fly / am going to fly to Laayoun.

2BAC ENGLISH TENSES PRESENT / PAST / FUTURE SIMPLE CONTINUOUS AND PERFECT

PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE


1-

Last Monday, while firemen (try)………………….to put out the fire in the forest, two helicopters (join) ………………them. Unfortunately. Most of the trees were destroyed. We hope that by the end of 2011, the local authorities (replant) ……………..………..the forest.


2-

Najib Sidqi (get)………………………….his degree in marketing before he started work at the bank. In 2007, he (conduct) …………………….a piece of research on developing customer services. Now, he (be) ……………..the manager of a bank agency.


3-

"Our son (run away)………………………from home last week. We (still/look for)
……………………….him. His best friend says that he (not see)…………….…. him for two weeks," the father said.


4-

Moroccan authorities (to be) ………………………. interested in developing the tourist industry for many years. Last year 7.5 million tourists (to visit) ……………………………. Morocco. Another 8 million (probably/ to come) ………… ………………… next year. Government officials hope that by the year 2012 the number of tourists (to reach) ………………………. 10 million.


5-

1- The city council (to build)…………………………….. a new stadium two years ago.

2- Before she became a doctor, Salma (already/ to work) ……………………….... as a biology teacher for two years.

3- At the moment, a foreign NGO (to prepare)…………………………………… a huge project for human development in rural areas in Turkey.


6-

Leila missed the interview yesterday morning; her train (already/to leave) …………………………….. the station when she got there. Now she wishes she (to tell)………………………….………… her mother (to wake) ………………………….. her up earlier.


7-

The Simons (to live) ……………………………..in Marrakesh for ten years when I first (to meet)……………………….. them in 1988. By the end of 2008, they (to be) ….. .…………………….in Morocco for thirty years.


8-

When jack was five, his parents (die) …………………….. in a road accident. He survived, but he (be) …………………….. seriously injured. Today, whenever he takes his car, he (drive)………………………. carefully.


9-

Tom : Hi Jamal. Any news about Ibrahim? I ( not/see) ……………………… him for weeks.
Jamal: Oh yes, he finally (get)……………………. his visa and (buy) ……………………… a plane ticket to Montreal last week. I think, by the end of this month, he (start) ……………………. his new course in business management.


10-

1-“You must make up your mind as quickly as possible. If you (not to send) …………………………………. your application soon, it (not to be) …………………………………………… accepted”, the director said.

2- By the end of the year, many people (lose) ……………………… their jobs in Europe.

3- Last month, some of the biggest banks in the USA (go) …………………… bankrupt.


11-

1- By the end of next month, the committee (take) ……………………… a final decision.

2- An important multinational (organize)…………………………. a seminar in our country last month.


12-

1-we (complete) ………………………………our project by 2012.

2- Tom will post the letter as soon as he (finish)……………..writing it.

3-I’m really sorry. If I had known, I (not / tell) …………………him.


13-

I (have) …………………… this mobile phone for about a year. In fact, my father gave it to me as a present on my last birthday. It is a pity my mother (not attend) ………………….. the birthday party. I am sure if she (be) ………….. at home with us,she (buy)……………. me a very watch.


14-

1-By the year 2030, the population of some African countries (double)…………………

2- Why did you tell her about the surprise? I really wish you (keep) ………………….it secret.


15-

1- By the end of next year, the workers (complete)…………………the project.

2- If you had shown me how to use the new computer, I (do)……………..all the work.

3- Many old buildings (restore)……………in the medina since last year.


16-

1- By the end of next July, I (complete)………………my secondary school education.

2- I’m really tired now. If only I (not have)……………………………to work today.


17-


My uncle (offer)………………me a present last night but I (not/open) ………………… yet.
I’ll open it as soon as I (get) …………………….. home this evening.


18-

1. Najib Mahfoud is famous writer. He (write) ………………’Bidaya wa nihaya’ in 1959.
He (receive) …………………the Nobel Prize in 1993.

2. If it (rain) ………………..tomorrow, we (stay) …………………at home.

3. I (not/ write) ……………..my essay yet.


19-

1. Tourist: I (visit) ………………….. Marrakech last year, but I (not/see) ………………. Agadir yet.
Rachid: You should go to Fes, too. It’s really a beautiful town.

2. The new mosque (build) ………………………….in 1996 by a charity organisation.

20-

1. Ali (catch) ……………….a bad cold yesterday while he (wait) …………………
for the train in the rain.

2. I’II start doing my homework as soon as my mother (come) ……………………..back from the supermarket.

3. Tom: Would you like a cake, James?
James: No, Thank you. I (already/have)…………… …………….my breakfast.


21-

1. When Hamid (call) ………………. last night, I was watching a football match on television. I (wait) ……………………………… impatiently for his call.

2. By this time next year, you (finish) …………………………....... your high school.


22-

1. If the match starts now, it (end) ………………………………… by six o’clock.
2. Pat (live) ………………………………..in London before he (move) ……………………..to Rome last month.


23-

1. While I (shop) ……………………….. yesterday morning, I (run)……………………….. into an old friend of mine whom I (not see)………………………………………… for years.


24-

While the Browns (have) ……………………..dinner last night, the telephone (ring)……………….. . It was their son Billy in Paris. "I am at the airport now. In half an hour I (leave) …………………… Europe", he said.



25-

While I (read) ……………………….. Tom Sawyer last night, the light (go) …………………. off. I (finish) ………………….……. it tomorrow.


26-

I (drive) …………………………..….. South to Agadir last month, when my car (break) ………………………... down. I am fed up with this old car. I (buy) ………………….……. a new one next summer.



27-

I (not/visit) ……………………. Marrakesh yet, but I (be) ………………… to Agadir already. I (go) ……………. there in 1999. Next summer I (fly) ……………………… to Laayoun.

2BAC ENGLISH REPORTED SPEECH / PASSIVE VOICE / CONDITIONAL 3 / I WISH CORRECTION

KEY / CORRECTION

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES AS SUGGESTED

1. "I won’t be able to attend the wedding party."
Kamal said he woudn’t be able to attend the wedding party.

2. The association has funded many social projects.
Many social projects have been funded by the association.

3. Mounir dropped out of school at an early age.
Mounir wishes he hadn’t dropped out of school at an early age.

4. The government launched an educational programme in 2006.
An educational programme was launched in 2006 by the government.

5. "The film has attracted a lot of viewers," the film director said.
The film director said that the film had attracted a lot of viewers.

6. Saida left school at an early age.
The teacher wishes Saida hadn’t left school at an early age.

7. The government should take measures to reintegrate street children into society.
Measures should be taken by the government to reintegrate street children into society.

8. "I will take her suggestions into consideration," Jack said.
Jack promised to take / that he would take her suggestions into consideration.

9. Younes said: "I regret having accepted my first cigarette."
"If only I hadn’t accepted my first cigarette." Younes said.

10. David didn’t save enough money to buy a new computer.
David wishes he had saved enough money to buy a new computer.

11. “I will apply for a scholarship at Oklahoma University”, Jawad said.
Jawad said that he would apply for a scholarship at Oklahoma University.

12. My father didn’t get a loan from the bank. So he couldn’t buy a new car.
If my father had got a loan from the bank, he could have bought / would have been able to buy a new car.

13. “Do we need a lot of money for the project?” some villagers asked the manager.
Some villagers asked if / whether they needed a lot of money for the project.

14. The cooperative awarded a prize to Rachida.
Rachida was awarded a prize by the cooperative.

15. Salah didn’t buy the farm because he didn’t get financial support from the bank.
If had got financial support from the bank, he would have bought the farm.

16. The headmaster received the school champions.
The school champions were received by the headmaster.

17. “I’m not satisfied with your work”, the boss told Janet.
The boss told Janet that he wasn’t satisfied with her work.

18. Dr Fathi didn’t get a visa. He couldn’t attend the conference in France.
If Dr Fathi had got a visa, he could have attended / would have been able to attend the conference in France.

19. John didn’t follow his father’s advice about higher studies.
John wishes he had followed his father’s advice about higher studies.

20. “Do you know how to install an antivirus?” The shop assistant asked Mike.
The shop assistant asked Mike if / whether he knew how to install an antivirus.

20. Candidates must send their applications before the end of June.
The applications must be sent by candidates before the end of June.

22. Swimming and fishing aren’t allowed in this lake.
People mustn’t swim and fish in this lake.

23. “Please stop arguing and listen to me, “Mrs Williams said.
Mrs Williams told the two students to stop arguing and to listen to her.

24. I can’t see my friends while chatting because I don’t have a webcam.
If only I had a webcam. / If only I could see my friends while chatting.

25. “I am looking for ways to advertise new products”, the manager said.
The manager said that he was looking for ways to advertise new products.

26. My neighbourhood is very noisy.
I wish my neighbourhood weren’t / wasn’t very noisy.

27. I didn’t phone you because it was late.
If it hadn’t been late, I would have phoned you.

28. Students must learn their irregular verbs by heart.
Irregular verbs must learned / learnt by heart.

29. It didn’t rain enough last year in Morocco, so fruit exports decreased considerably.
If it had rained enough last year in Morocco, fruit exports wouldn’t have decreased considerably.

30. Parents shouldn’t keep medicines within children’s reach.
Medicines shouldn’t be kept within children’s reach.

31. We don’t do much to preserve the environment.
I wish we did much to preserve the environment.

32. People don’t respect children’s rights in many countries.
Children’s rights aren’t respected in many countries.

33. Souad made many mistakes because she didn’t revise her composition.
If Souad had revised her composition, she wouldn’t have made many mistakes.

34. Many employers are still recruiting children.
Children are still being recruited by many employers.

35. He had an accident because the traffic was heavy.
If the traffic hadn’t been heavy, he wouldn’t have had an accident.

36. He lost his car because he was drunk.
He wishes he hadn’t been drunk.

37. “Why don’t you go on foot instead of taking a taxi?” the mother said.
The mother advised her son to go on foot instead of taking a taxi.

38. “Shall we live in the country?” the husband said.
The husband suggested living / to live / that they should live in the country.

39. Sociologists are conducting research studies about immigrants in France nowadays.
Research studies about immigrants in France are being conducted nowadays by sociologists.

40. Rahma didn’t find a house because she was an immigrant.
If Rahma hadn’t been an immigrant, she would have found a house.

41. “I didn’t attend my philosophy class yesterday”.
I wish I had attended my philosophy class the day before / the previous day.

42. We should respect blacks.
Blacks should be respected.

43. The policeman fined the driver for not stopping at the red light.
The driver was fined by the policeman for not stopping at the red light.

44. "The government has established a new law to protect the environment", the Prime Minister said.
The Prime minister said the government had established a new law to protect the environment.

45. The Moroccan government has adopted a new family code.
A new family code has been adopted by the Moroccan government.

46. I am sorry I didn’t write down your phone number.
If only I had written down your phone number.

47. The new secretary was laid off because she didn’t do her job well.
If the new secretary had done her job well, she wouldn’t have been laid off.

48. You should not leave a baby alone at home without a babysitter.
A baby shouldn’t be left alone at home without a babysitter.

49. “I didn’t take the test”, Nadia said regretfully.
Nadia wishes she had taken the test.

50. The children are not well educated because the family is not small.
If the family were / was small, the children would be educated.

51. “I didn’t see the film last night”, Naima said.
Naima told Mohamed that she hadn’t seen the film the night before / the previous night.

52. We should collect more money to build the mosque.
More money should be collected to build the mosque.

53. Hard work causes a lot of stress.
A lot of stress is due to hard work.

54. It’s forbidden for passengers to use mobile phones on the plane.
Passengers aren’t allowed to / permitted to use mobile phones on the plane.

55. You shouldn't leave medicines within children’s reach.
Medicines shouldn’t be left within children’s reach.

56. It’s not necessary to show your identity card at the club entrance.
You needn’t show / don’t have to show / don’t need to show your identity card at the club entrance.

57. It is forbidden to drive a car if you are under 18 years old.
You can’t drive / mustn’t drive / aren’t allowed to drive a car if you are under 18 years old.

58. It’s not necessary to take a taxi. The theatre is just round the corner.
We needn’t take / don’t have to take / don’t need to take a taxi. The theatre is just round the corner.

59. Solar energy is cheap; however, it isn’t widely used.
Although solar energy is cheap, it isn’t widely used.

60. Some students took two reference books out of the library.
Two reference books were taken out of the library by some students.

61. The new secretary is always on time, she does not want to lose her job.
The new secretary is always on time so as to lose her job.

62. "Our parliament representative is honest and hardworking," people said.
People described their parliament representative as honest and hardworking.

63. I couldn’t get in touch because I didn’t have your phone number.
If I had had your phone number, I could have got / I would have been able to get in touch.

64. It was wrong of them to hide the truth.
They shouldn’t have hidden the truth.

65. The government is building a new motorway between Casa and El Jadida.
A new motorway is being built between Casa and Eljadida by the government.

66. "Why don’t you go to bed early?"
You’d better go to bed early.

67. I want to keep fit. I practice sport.
I practise sport in order to keep fit.

68. They will teach English in primary schools.
English will be taught in primary schools.

69. All the students must respect the school rules.
The school rules must be respected by all the students.

70. Scientists may not find a cure to all forms of cancer soon.
It is unlikely that scientists will find a cure to all forms of cancer soon.

71. The match was postponed because the weather was bad.
Due to bad weather, the match was postponed.

72. The government has implemented a new educational system.
A new educational system has been implemented by the government.

73. It’s not necessary to book a seat. I have already done it for you.
You needn’t book a seat. I have already done it for you.

74. Ali has lived in London for five years, but he can’t speak English fluently.
In spite of living / having lived in London for five years, Ali can’t speak English fluently

75. Somebody must type the application before ten o’clock.
The application must be typed before ten o’clock.

76. You touched the dog so it bit you.
If you hadn’t touched the dog, it wouldn’t have bitten you.

77. William didn't lock his car, that’s why it was stolen.
He should have locked his car.

78. They should find serous solutions to road accidents.
Serious solutions to road accidents should be found.

79. The manager offered Nancy an interesting job.
Nancy was offered an interesting job by the manager.

80. Paula is young, yet she is often stressed.
In spite of being young, Paula is often stressed.

81. Students aren’t allowed to use calculators during the exam.
It’s forbidden for students to use calculators during the exam.

82. It is not necessary to pay for your ticket in advance.
You needn’t pay / don’t have to pay / don’t need to pay for your ticket in advance.

83. Bob Marley was a reggae singer. He was also a political activist.
Not only was Bob Marley a reggae singer, but a political activist as well / he was a political activist as well.

84. “Why don’t you buy a new computer?" My friend said.
My friend advised me to buy / that I should buy a new computer.

85. It isn’t necessary to wash the dishes. I’ll putt them in the dishwasher.
You needn’t wash / don’t have to wash / don’t need to wash the dishes. I’ll putt them in the dishwasher.

86. You are not allowed to park your car here. It’s a private area.
It’s forbidden to park your car here. It’s a private area.

87.The police arrested the criminal last week.
The criminal was arrested last week by the police.

88. Kamal failed his English test because he didn’t attend the English classes regularly.
If Kamal had attended the English classes regularly, he wouldn’t have failed his English test.

89. "I have never smoked a cigarette in my life."
The patient confessed to the doctor that he had never smoked a cigarette in his life.

90. Drivers should check their cars regularly.
Cars should be checked regularly by drivers.

91. T’sai Lun invented paper in 105.
Paper was invented in 105 by T’sai Lun.

92. A lot of children do not go to school
They wish they went to school.

93. A robber broke the window of the shop.
The window of the shop was broken by a robber.

94. Carla to Hassan: "What time do you usually get up?"
Carla wanted to know what time Hassan usually got up.

95. The police arrested the thieves.
The thieves were arrested by the police.

96. Peggy: "The girls helped me in the house."
Peggy told me that the girls had helped her in the house.

97. I am hungry because I didn’t have breakfast.
If only I had had breakfast.

98. The baby broke the cell phone.
The cell phone was broken by the baby.

99. Betty to Rose: "Did you write the report?"
Betty asked Rose if / whether she had written the report. / wanted to know if whether Rose had written the report.

100. Jennifer earns a low salary. She gives money to her parents.
In spite of earning a low salary, Jennifer gives money to her parents.

101. "How often do you check your email, Ana?"
Marian wanted to know how often Ana checked her email.

102. They will find a vaccine for swine flu soon
A vaccine for swine flu will be found soon.

103. Jane works for a drug company and for a doctor's office.
Jane works not only for a drug company but also for a doctor's office

104. They make Renaults in France.
Renaults are made in France.

105. Julio told Anna: "I can't speak good English."
Julio told Anna that he couldn’t speak good English.

106. Louis Daguerre took the first photograph in the 19th century
The first photograph was taken by Louis Daguerre in the 19th century.

107. It rained on my cousin’s wedding day.
If only it hadn’t rained on my cousin’s wedding day.

108. The weather was bad but we went camping.
Despite the bad weather, we went camping.

109. Kate to Kirby: "Where did you buy this bike?"
Kate wanted to know where Kirby had bought his bike.

110. They built a mosque in our neighbourhood.
A mosque was built in our neighbourhood.

111. I did not work hard so I flunked my test.
If only I had worked hard. / If only I hadn’t flunked my test.

112. My mom is overweight. My dad is thin.
My mom is overweight whereas my dad is thin.

2BAC ENGLISH REPORTED SPEECH / PASSIVE VOICE / CONDITIONAL 3 / I WISH IF ONLY BACCALAUREATE GRAMMAR PRACTICE

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES AS SUGGESTED

1. "I won’t be able to attend the wedding party."
Kamal said …………………………………………………….

2. The association has funded many social projects.
Many social projects …………………………………………….

3. Mounir dropped out of school at an early age.
Mounir wishes ………………………………………….………….

4. The government launched an educational programme in 2006.
An educational programme …………………………………..

5. "The film has attracted a lot of viewers," the film director said.
The film director said that …………………………………..

6. Saida left school at an early age.
The teacher wishes …………………………………………..

7. The government should take measures to reintegrate street children into society.
Measures ……………………………………………………………………………

8. "I will take her suggestions into consideration," Jack said.
Jack promised …………………………………………………………….

9. Younes said: "I regret having accepted my first cigarette."
"If only I ………………………………………………." Younes said.

10. David didn’t save enough money to buy a new computer.
David wishes…………………………………………………………………

11. “I will apply for a scholarship at Oklahoma University”, Jawad said.
Jawad said……………………………………………………………………

12. My father didn’t get a loan from the bank. So he couldn’t buy a new car.
If …………………………………………………………………………

13. “Do we need a lot of money for the project?” some villagers asked the manager.
Some villagers asked …………………………………………………………

14. The cooperative awarded a prize to Rachida.
Rachida………………………………………………………………

15. Salah didn’t buy the farm because he didn’t get financial support from the bank.
If ………………………………………………………………………

16. The headmaster received the school champions.
The school champions ……………………………………………

17. “I’m not satisfied with your work”, the boss told Janet.
The boss told Janet ……………………………………………………

18. Dr Fathi didn’t get a visa. He couldn’t attend the conference in France.
If …………………………………………………………………

19. John didn’t follow his father’s advice about high studies.
John wishes…………………………………………………………

20. “Do you know how to install an antivirus?” The shop assistant asked Mike.
The shop assistant asked Mike ……………………………………………………………………..

21. Candidates must send their applications before the end of June.
The applications……………………………………………………

22. Swimming and fishing aren’t allowed in this lake.
People ………………………………………………………

23. “Please stop arguing and listen to me, “Mrs Williams said.
Mrs Williams told the two students ………………………………

24. I can’t see my friends while chatting because I don’t have a webcam.
If only ………..…………………………………………………

25. “I am looking for ways to advertise new products”, the manager said.
The manager said……………………………………………………………………………

26. My neighbourhood is very noisy.
I wish …………………………………………………………………………

27. I didn’t phone you because it was late.
If………………………………………………………………………………

28. Students must learn their irregular verbs by heart.
Irregular verbs………………………………………………………………

29. It didn’t rain enough last year in Morocco, so fruit exports decreased considerably.
If……………………………………………………………………………

30. Parents shouldn’t keep medicines within children’s reach.
Medicines……………………………………………………….………

31. We don’t do much to preserve the environment.
I wish ………………………………….

32. People don’t respect children’s rights in many countries.
Children’s rights ………………………………………..

33. Souad made many mistakes because she didn’t revise her composition.
If ………………………………………………….

34. Many employers are still recruiting children.
Children………………………………………………………………

35. He had an accident because the traffic was heavy.
If ……………………………………………………………………

36. He lost his car because he was drunk.
He wishes ……………………………………………………………

37. “Why don’t you go on foot instead of taking a taxi?” the mother said.
The mother advised her son …………………………..……………

38. “Shall we live in the country?” the husband said.
The husband suggested ………………………………………………

39. Sociologists are conducting research studies about immigrants in France nowadays.
Research studies ……………………………………………………………

40. Rahma didn’t find a house because she was an immigrant.
If …………………………………………………………………………

41. “I didn’t attend my philosophy class yesterday”.
I wish ……………………………………………………………………

42. We should respect blacks.
Blacks ….………………………………………………………………

43. The policeman fined the driver for not stopping at the red light.
The driver …………………………………………………………

44. "The government has established a new law to protect the environment", the Prime Minister said.
The Prime minister said ……………………………………….

45. The Moroccan government has adopted a new family code.
A new family code……………………………………………………………………

46. I am sorry I didn’t write down your phone number.
If only ………………………………………………………………...

47. The new secretary was laid off because she didn’t do her job well.
If………………………………………………………..

48. You should not leave a baby alone at home without a babysitter.
A baby………………………………….

49. “I didn’t take the test”, Nadia said regretfully.
Nadia wishes………………………………………………………………

50. The children are not well educated because the family is not small.
If ………………………………………………………………………

51. “I didn’t see the film last night”, Naima said.
Naima told Mohamed …………………………………………………

52. We should collect more money to build the mosque.
More money…………………………………………………………

53. Hard work causes a lot of stress.
………………………………………is due to ………………………….

54. It’s forbidden for passengers to use mobile phones on the plane.
Passengers aren’t ……………………………

55. You shouldn't leave medicines within children’s reach.
Medicines ………………………………………………………….

56. It’s not necessary to show your identity card at the club entrance.
You ………………………………………………….

57. It is forbidden to drive a car if you are under 18 years old.
You …………………………………………………

58. It’s not necessary to take a taxi. The theatre is just round the corner.
We ………………………………………………………

59. Solar energy is cheap; however, it isn’t widely used.
Although ……………………………………………..

60. Some students took two reference books out of the library.
Two reference books …………………………………

61. The new secretary is always on time, she does not want to lose her job.
The new secretary is always on time so as ……………………………..

62. "Our parliament representative is honest and hardworking," people said.
People described their parliament representative …………………..

63. I couldn’t get in touch because I didn’t have your phone number.
If ………………………………………….

64. It was wrong of them to hide the truth.
They shouldn’t…………………………..

65. The government is building a new motorway between Casa and El Jadida.
A new motorway ………………………………………………………….

66. "Why don’t you go to bed early?"
You’d better ………………………………

67. I want to keep fit. I practice sport.
I practise sport in order …………………….

68. They will teach English in primary schools.
English …………………………………

69. All the students must respect the school rules.
The school rules …………………………

70. Scientists may not find a cure to all forms of cancer soon.
It is unlikely that …………………….

71. The match was postponed because the weather was bad.
Due to ………………………………………………….

72. The government has implemented a new educational system.
A new educational system………………………………

73. It’s not necessary to book a seat. I have already done it for you.
You needn’t…………………………………………

74. Ali has lived in London for five years, but he can’t speak English fluently.
In spite of …………………………………………….

75. Somebody must type the application before ten o’clock.
The application ……………………………

76. You touched the dog so it bit you.
If ………………………………

77. William didn't lock his car, that’s why it was stolen.
He should…………………………

78. They should find serous solutions to road accidents.
Serious solutions ………………..

79. The manager offered Nancy an interesting job.
Nancy ……………………………

80. Paula is young, yet she is often stressed.
In spite of ………….

81. Students aren’t allowed to use calculators during the exam.
It’s ………………………………………………………..

82. It is not necessary to pay for your ticket in advance.
You ………………………………………………………

83. Bob Marley was a reggae singer. He was also a political activist.
Not only …………………………………, but ……………………

84. “Why don’t you buy a new computer?" My friend said.
My friend advised me …………………………………………….

85. It isn’t necessary to wash the dishes. I’ll putt them in the dishwasher.
You ………………………………………………………………….

86. You are not allowed to park your car here. It’s a private area.
It’s ………………………………………………………..

87.The police arrested the criminal last week.
The criminal …………………………………………….

88. Kamal failed his English test because he didn’t attend the English classes regularly.
If Kamal ……………………………………………………..

89. "I have never smoked a cigarette in my life."
The patient confessed to the doctor that…………………………………………………

90. Drivers should check their cars regularly.
Cars …………………………..

91. T’sai Lun invented paper in 105.
Paper ………………………….

92. A lot of children do not go to school
They wish ……………………………………………………………………

93. A robber broke the window of the shop.
The window of the shop ……………………………………………………

94. Carla to Hassan: "What time do you usually get up?"
Carla wanted to know ……………………………………………………

95. The police arrested the thieves.
The thieves …………………………………………………………………………………….

96. Peggy: "The girls helped me in the house."
Peggy told me that ……………………………………………………………………………

97. I am hungry because I didn’t have breakfast.
If only ………………………………………………………………………………………..

98. The baby broke the cell phone.
The cell phone …………………………………………………………………

99. Betty to Rose: "Did you write the report?"
Betty …………………………………………………………………………

100. Jennifer earns a low salary. She gives money to her parents.
In spite of ……………………………………………………………………………

101. "How often do you check your email, Ana?"
Marian wanted to know …………………………………………………

102. They will find a vaccine for swine flu soon
A vaccine for swine flu………………………………………………………

103. Jane works for a drug company and for a doctor's office.
……………………. not only ………………….but also …………………………..

104. They make Renaults in France.
Renaults ……………………………………………..

105. Julio told Anna: "I can't speak good English."
Julio told Anna ……………………………………………….

106. Louis Daguerre took the first photograph in the 19th century
The first photograph ..........................................................................

107. It rained on my cousin’s wedding day.
If only ...........................................................................

108. The weather was bad but we went camping.
Despite …………………………………………………………………..

109. Kate to Kirby: "Where did you buy this bike?"
Kate wanted to know …………………………………………………….

110. They built a mosque in our neighbourhood.
A mosque ………………………………………………………..

111. I did not work hard so I flunked my test.
If only …………………………………………………………….

112. My mom is overweight. My dad is thin.
…………………………………whereas………………………….

2BAC TICKET 2 ENGLISH Student’s Book Glossary With Arabic Translation Letters « W / X / Y»

Letter « W »

Wage 143

n.  أجرة

syn.:   pay payment

Waist 166

n. كشح خاصرة, وسط

Ware 59

n.  بضاعة, سلعة

syn.:  merchandise product

Warmth 87

n.  دفء, حرارة, حماسة, شدة

Waste 106

n.  قفر, نفاية, ضياع, هدر, امتداد زمني لا نهائي, تبديد, فساد تدريجي, الحتات المجترف, فتاتع الصخور

v.  بذر, بدد, تبعثر, بفسد تدريجيا, أضعف, تضاءل, أضاع سدى

adj.  قاحل, مهمل, مجدب, خرب, مهدم

syn.:  consume garbage rubbish spend squander use up

ant.:  save

Wave 26

n.  تمويج الشعر, موجة, تلويح, رفرفة, ماء بحر

v.  لوح ( إلى أو لـ ), رفرف, تموج, تذبذب, موج, ناس, أشار إلى شخص بالتوقف, لوح مهددا

Way 42

n. مسلك, أسلوب, طريق, نهج, سبيل, اتجاه, شكل, ممر, ناحية, نطاق, طريقة مميزة, حالة, محلة, فرصة, تقدم, عادات

Weakness 108

n.  ضعف, نقيصة, مأخذ, موطن ضعف, ركاكة, عجز, الوهن

Wealth 114

n. غنى, وفرة, ثروة, غزارة, يسار

syn.:  abundance affluence assets fortune opulence prosperity riches treasure

ant.:  poverty

Wealthy 167

adj.  غني, موسر, ثري, مثر

syn.:  affluent rich abounding

ant.:  poor

Wearable 139

adj.  قابل للباس, قابل للإرتداء

Website 156

n.  موقع على الإنترنت

Welfare 106,134

n.  فائدة, خير, شؤون اجتماعية, رفاهة, سعادة, صالح, الإنعاش

syn.:    comfort prosperity well-being

ant.:  misery

Wellbeing 116

n. رفاهية, سعادة, خير, صالح

Western 86

n.  فيلم رعاة البقر, الغربي, الغربية رواية تصف حياة الغرب

adj.  غربي

Whatever 51

pron.  أيا كان, أيما, أي شيء, كل ما, مهما

Widespread 58,146

adj.  منتشر, شائع, واسع الانتشار, ممتد

Wildly 42

Wild

n.  الحالة البرية

adj.  مسعور, بري, وحشي, بور, قفر, همجي, بري حيوان, جامح, مستسلم, عاصف, جاف, غليظ, شاذ

adv.  على نحو جامح

Willing 86

adj.  راغب, مستعد, إرادي, طوعي

syn.:  agreeable compliant consenting eager inclined ready

ant.:  unwilling

Willingness 8

n.  استعداد, رغبة

Wish 134,145

n.  مطلوب, رغبة, مرام, إرادة, أمنية, تمن

v.  رام, ابتغى, تمنى, رغب, أراد, فرض عليه, اشتهى, تاق

syn.:  desire fancy like long for request want

Withdraw 57

v.  نكص, سحب, تراجع, انسحب, استرد, ارتد, تقهقر, صرف, حول, ألهى عن

Witty 26

adj.  بارع, ذكي, ظريف, فكه, سريع الخاطر

syn.:  amusing clever droll funny humorous whimsical intelligent sensible

Woes 21

Woe

n.  ويل, محنة, بلية, مصيبة

interj.  وا أسفاه, وا ويلتاه

syn.:  anguish desolation distress grief sorrow trouble misfortune affliction misery grief

Wonderful 37

adj.  رائع, مدهش, عجيب, بديع

syn.:  astonishing exceptional extraordinary fabulous incredible magnificent marvelous miraculous remarkable splendid striking superb

Workaholic 26

.جاد بعمله, مخلص لعمله

Workforce 146,150

القوة العاملة ،

Workshop 59

n.  مشغل, مصنع, ورشة, معمل, الحلقة الدراسية الحرة

Wrong 11

.  ضيم, جور, حيف, ضلال, المذنب, اعتداء, ضرر

adj.  فاسد, مخطئ, طالح غير صالح, غير مناسب, غير مرض, مخالف للمألوف, لا أخلاقي, خاطئ

adv.  على نحو خاطئ, على نحو غير مناسب

syn.:  bad evil false ill improper incorrect mistaken unfit unsuitable untrue

ant.:  right

Letter « X »

Xenophobia 81, 85

n.  رهاب الأجانب, خوف من الغرباء

Letter « Y »

Young 156

n.  غر قليل الخبرة, شاب, جرو, طفل

adj.  حديث السن, صغير, حدث, غر

syn.:  juvenile youthful

ant.:  old

Youngster 11

n.  فتى, شاب, حدث

syn.:  child kid minor youth

ant.:  oldster

Youth 7, 56

n.  فتوة, شباب, صبا, فتى, شاب, شبيبة, الشبان